Pediatric Emergency Guide

Paediatric emergencies can develop quickly, and parents may not always know whether a symptom is serious. The safest approach is to recognise a small number of red flags and seek urgent help when they appear.

Breathing problems
Fast or difficult breathing, chest indrawing, grunting, blue lips or pauses in breathing are warning signs. A child who cannot speak, drink or cry normally because of breathlessness needs urgent attention.

Circulation and consciousness
Fainting, severe weakness, unusual sleepiness, confusion, a child who is difficult to wake, or cold and mottled skin can indicate serious illness.

Severe dehydration
Very little urine, dry mouth, no tears, sunken eyes, repeated vomiting and unusual lethargy can occur with significant dehydration. Infants can deteriorate quickly.

Injuries and poisoning
Head injuries, severe burns, suspected poisoning, choking and significant bleeding require immediate action. Keep emergency numbers and the nearest appropriate hospital information accessible.

When to seek medical help?
Call emergency services or go to emergency care for severe breathing difficulty, unresponsiveness, seizures, major bleeding, choking, suspected serious poisoning, severe burns or a rapidly deteriorating child.



Medical note: This article is for general health education and does not replace an examination, diagnosis or personalised medical advice. Treatment decisions should be made with a qualified healthcare professional.